Perinatal outcomes of cases with umbilical hypocoiled cord: a study at a single perinatal center

Objectives To evaluate the perinatal outcomes of hypocoiled cord. Methods This retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Showa University Hospital between 2011 and 2017. Umbilical cord index (UCI) was calculated by dividing the total number of coils by the total length of umbilical cord. All umbilical cords were measured and calculated coiling index by obstetrician after delivery. Perinatal outcomes like non-reassuring fetal status (NRFS), emergency cesarean sections, and other perinatal complications were compared. Results From January 2011 to December 2017, a total of 4047 fetuses were born at our hospital after 28 weeks' gestation. After excluding 100 fetuses of hypercoiled cord, a total of 3947 fetuses were included in this study, of which 71 fetuses were hypocoiled cord and 3876 fetuses were normal coiled cord. There were no association between maternal background and both UCI group. NRFS during labor was significantly associated with hypocoiled cord compared with normal cord (p = .02). Additionally, the rates of emergency cesarean section were raised in cases of hypocoiled cord (p = .02). Conclusion In this study, it was found that hypocoiled cord is related to NRFS and emergency cesarean section. In addition, hypocoiled cord was not associated with any maternal factors. However, in previous studies, no opinion has been reported on the timing of diagnosis of hypocoiled cord during pregnancy. It is difficult to evaluate hypocoiled cord correctly in third trimester. It is a task to find the hypocoiled cord correctly before birth.