Employment Supports and Outcomes for Persons with Intellectual and/or Developmental Disabilities: a Review of Recent Findings

Purpose of Review The purpose of this article is to examine the preparation of youths and adults with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) for employment and the personal and organizational factors that support their participation in the workforce. Recent Findings Despite evidence of the positive impacts of employment, high rates of unemployment and underemployment persist. However, the variety of employment options is increasing to include social purpose enterprise, customized employment, integrated work, competitive employment, and military membership. Central to employment success is the fit between the individual, the workplace environment, and its commitment to inclusion with the availability of broader community support. Summary Effective partnerships between employers and community/educational professionals can establish a support system that paves a constructive pathway to employment beginning in high school and leading to post-secondary education and work-related training, such as apprenticeships. Future research and practice should focus on a whole-of-government approach with broad self-advocate and community collaboration to promote and provide incentives for inclusive and diverse workplaces.