Superradiance From Nonideal Initial States: A Quantum Trajectory Approach

Collective emission behavior is usually described by the decay dynamics of the completely symmetric Dicke states. To study a more realistic scenario, we investigate alternative initial states inducing a more complex time evolution. Superposition states of the fully inverted Dicke state and the Dicke ground state with unequal mutual weights are studied as examples as well as superradiance stemming from atoms in clusters separated by more than one wavelength. The Monte Carlo wave function method serves as a framework to study the dynamics of quantum states, which is determined by quantum jumps, on the one hand, and continuous evolution dynamics, on the other hand. We compare this method with the classical picture of a system of rate equations written for the diagonal components of the density matrix.