Posterior tractional membranes following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for retinopathy of prematurity.

PURPOSE:To report two cases of tractional membrane formation following treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in infants with Stage-3 retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS:Retrospective review of electronic medical record for historical information, clinical examination documentation, and imaging from fundus photography, retinal ultrasonography, and fluorescein angiography. RESULTS:Two patients with Stage-3 retinopathy of prematurity, previously treated with laser therapy and intravitreal bevacizumab, were referred to our institution for tractional membranes. The first case is of a male infant with Zone-II disease that progressed to Stage 4A with evidence of inferotemporal tractional retinal detachment only in the left eye. The second case is of a male infant with stable Zone-I disease with an epiretinal membrane in the left eye.Pars plicata vitrectomy and membranectomy were required for both cases because of the concern for subsequent tractional retinal detachment. CONCLUSION:Formation of tractional retinal membranes has been associated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. These cases describe the formation of posterior tractional membranes after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. This potential ocular outcome should be considered when determining treatment plans for retinopathy of prematurity.