A Study on Diesel Engine Characterization Using Alternative Fuel and Its Blends

Biodiesel is a renewable and oxygenated fuel which is exclusively derived from vegetable oil, animal fats, and tallow and waste product fossil oil. Many studies reported that diesel engine can be run using biodiesel without any modification in diesel engine due to similar properties to convenient fuel. So that, it’s being considered as one of the best encouraging substitutes for combustion engines although having some physical and chemical limitations. Moreover, using ethanol and methanol as additives or as blended fuels with the diesel could be improved the quality of biofuel. In this paper, different types of biodiesel blends such as BD5, BD10, BD20, BD30, BD40 and BD50 have been analyzed in four stroke diesel engine. The study found that efficiency and power decreases while increasing biodiesel blends percentage whether it may be affected by the low volatility and high density of biodiesel. Therefore, it’s also indicated that the rate of increase of biodiesel blends could lead to raising the specific fuel consumption. In general, as compared to diesel, NOx has been increased while decreasing of CO and HC emissions is appreciated. So, based on the overall analysis, biodiesel blends BD20 is more effective than others and can be used in the diesel engine in controlling air pollution as well as the approach of acquiring energy in the long run.