Anatomical and phytochemical studies of endemic medicinal species marticaria pubscenes (asteraceae) from south algeria

Matricaria pubscens (Asteraceae), with wide distribution area in southern Algeria, is a drug traditionally used in the treatment of certain diseases such as dehydration, cough and sore. The aim of this study was to determine the anatomical features of the root stem and leaves of medicinal species of M. pubscens sections. As a result of the study, it was discovered that in the root the vessels arranged in short multiple radial; the fibers are thin-walled thick, Vascular bundles are separated by large unlignifid rays.Most vessels in the central part are plugged with dark-staining substances. The anatomical structure of the leaves is isobilateral mesophyll and palisade parenchyma nearly two epidermises and spongy parenchyma in the middle, the leaf was bifaceous. The surface of the epidermis is covered with glandular hairs, the stomata were diastatic. The extract of aerial part of M. pubscens has significant amounts of Phenols, Flavonoids and Steroids, however tannins are present an average amount; the Alcaloids are present in lowest amount. INTRODUCTION: Algeria has a rich culture of herbs and spices, which includes about 2,000 species and has a large geographic area with high potential abilities. More than 80% of the world's inhabitants relies on traditional medicine for their primary health care needs and has found a place in the life daily 1 . Macroscopic and microscopic clarification of medicinal plants is the leading step towards crafting the identity and cleanliness of these resources and must be done before testing. The acquaintance of the histological structure of the different organs of the plant that contains the active substance is also very important 2 . QUICK RESPONSE CODE DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8(8).3287-92 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr.com DOI link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8 (8).3287-92 The anatomical feature are an aid in the recognitionof morphological characteristics many plants. Wherefore, it is essential that the anatomical details of the authentic material of the drug should be prepared in the form of diagnostic characters in the identification and the differentiation between closely related species to avoid any vagueness 2 . Asteraceae is a vast plant family that comprises roughly 1500 genera and 25,000 species in different habitats 3 . This family consists of vegetation quite distinct, which ranges from herbs, subshrubs, and shrubs to trees 4 . This vegetation is found into diverse habitats once it has a greatenvironmental adaptation 5 . Matricaria with about seven taxa, Are dominant in Europe, Central Asia, North America and North Africa 6 8 . Matricaria pubescens (Deaf.) Is an