Butterfly communities on field margins : Effects of changes in farming methods and adjacent forest cuttings ( Lepidoptera : Hesperioideao Papilionoidea )

Between l99l and 2000, butterflies were monitored once a week from early May to late September on a2.7 km transect on agricultural land at Joutseno, SE Finland. During 213 counts a total of56 species and ll 105 individuals were recorded. The effects ofthe shift from conventional farming to organic farming and adjacent pine forest cuttings on butterfly communities were compared in four field margin habitats. Between the two five-year periods, both beneficial and adverse impact on butterflies was recorded.