Surface Chemical Analysis of Sulfur Black 1 Dyed Cotton Fabric Aftertreated with Cationic Fixing Agents

Alkyl alcohols were evaluated as defoamers to eliminate the foam produced by partially alcoholyzed polyvinyl alcohol (PAPVA) according to their defoaming ability and actual influence on adhesion to fibers, film properties, and desizability. The alcohols considered included 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, 1-decanol, isooctyl alcohol, and 2-octanol. The impact of alkyl alcohols on defoaming performance was examined and an acceptable dose of 1-octanol was determined. Results showed that defoaming ability, adhesion to fibers, and film behaviors depended on the alkyl group and dose of alcohols used. Straight alcohols were superior to the branched ones tested in defoaming ability and properties. Generally, 1-octanol was the best defoamer of the selected alcohols. Excessive increases in alkyl length and dose induced poor defoaming and damaged the adhesion and film behaviors. Key Terms Alcohol, Defoamer, Partially Alcoholyzed Polyvinyl Alcohol, Warp Sizing DOI: 10.14504/ajr.6.4.3 Detecting Silver in Silver-Enabled Textiles by a Newly-Developed Portable Device By Tünde Dudás, Teodóra Nagyné Kovács, Imre Miklós Szilágyi, and Ferenc Mester, University of Szeged Abstract In the production of silver-enabled textiles, the amount of silver in the produced textile is always important. The goal of the present study is to develop a simple device that can directly detect silver instead of using destructive tests and calculations. The instrument developed by our group is simple, easy to use, and portable. It gives a voltage response corresponding to the silver content. To show its capabilities, a correlation is presented between the measured voltage and the relative amount of metal (i.e., silver) on silver-enabled textiles after several washing and electrolysis steps. The results of scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) measurements are also presented as a reference for the silver determinations. Key Terms Coated Fiber, Metal Detection, Nanoparticle, Resistance, SEM-EDX, Silver DOI: 10.14504/ajr.6.4.4 AATCC Journal of Research