Alterações anatômicas coronarianas mais frequentes

Background: Coronary artery anomalies represent an array of malformations of the vessels responsible for myocardial perfusion, with a prevalence of 1% in the general population. Mostly asymptomatic, they are diagnosed during routine tests. When symptomatic, they are the second major cause of sudden death in young athletes. Our study aimed to assess the most commonly found coronary vessel anatomic anomalies during cardiac catheterization procedures. Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was performed assessing the medical charts of patients submitted to cardiac catheterization during the second semester of 2018. A total of 782 medical charts were analyzed, representing all patients submitted to cardiac catheterization. We performed an epidemiological description of the sample that comprised the following parameters: age, sex, dominance pattern, presence/absence of anomaly and anomaly classification. Results: From the charts analyzed, 86 (10.99%) showed anomalies. Fifty-one patients (59.3%) were male and the most frequent anomaly was myocardial bridging of left anterior descending coronary artery, found in 66 patients (88.37% of total anomalies). Conclusion: We found a two-fold anomaly prevalence when comparing to data reported in previous studies. Corroborating most studies, we found myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending coronary artery as the most frequent anomaly.