Fungal diversity in two typical types of rhizosphere cultivation soil of Lycoris aurea based on high-throughput sequencing

[Background] Lycoris aurea is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb plant commonly used to treat several diseases including Alzheimer’s disease and myasthenia gravis etc.which has important medicinal value. The plant grows vigorously in humus soil (loam), but its growth performance in yellow-brown (clay) soil is very poor. In the recent years, increasing attention has been given to the investigations on the interrelations between medicinal plants and their rhizospheric microorganisms because the microorganisms played important roles for the growth, development and accumulation of biological active components of medicinal plants. [Objective] To study the effects of rhizospheric fungi on growth of L. aurea, we analyzed fungal community structure and genetic diversities cultivated in two soils. [Methods] Soil microbial total DNA was extracted. The community structure and diversity were analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing etc. [Results] Total of 42 130 and 30 176 fungal ITS1 sequences were obtained from humus soil and yellow-brown soil, respectively. Rhizospheric fungi in humus soil and yellow-brown soil could be classified as follows: 6 Phyla, 25 classes, 61 orders, 123 families, 208 genera and 5 phyla, 20 classes, 48 orders, 85 families and 138 genera, respectively; among which, the most predominant Phyla both were Ascomycota (relative abundance > 70%). The dominant genera and their diversity indexes etc. were different between humus soil and yellow-brown soil. Ascomycota_unclassified, Fusarium, Zopfiella, Chaetomiaceae_unclassified, Ceratobasidium, Mortierella, etc. were predominant groups in humus soil. But there were significant differences in predominant groups of yellow-brown soil, including Sordariomycetes_unclassified, Fusarium, Acremonium, Rhizoctonia, Nectriaceae_unclassified, Hymenoscyphus etc. Among which, there was a significant positive correlation among Ascomycota_unclassified, Zopfiella, Ceratobasidium, Mortierella etc. predominant groups in humus soil and lycorine content in bulbs of L. aurea by using SPSS statistical software. [Conclusion] The genetic diversity of rhizospheric fungi in humus soil that is favorable for cultivation of Lycoris aurea were richer and higher as compared to those of yellow-brown soil. Its predominant fungal groups such as Ascomycota_unclassified, Zopfiella and Ceratobasidium etc. may be favorable for the growth and lycorine accumulation of Lycoris aurea.