Mixed tuberculosis infections in rural South Vietnam 1 2 Running title : Mixed tuberculosis infections

1. Pham Ngoc Thach Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, 8 Vietnam** 9 2. National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Disease Control 10 (CIb/LIS), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 11 The Netherlands 12 3. Tuberculosis and M/XDR-TB Programme, Division of Communicable Diseases, Health 13 Security & Environment, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, 14 Copenhagen, Denmark 15 4. Center for Poverty-related Communicable Diseases, Amsterdam Institute of Global Health 16 and Development, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 17 5. Oxford University Clinical Research Unit ( OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 18 6. KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands 19 7. Departments of Pulmonary Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Radboud University 20 Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands 21 22 * Current address corresponding author 23 Kristin Kremer 24 Tuberculosis and M/XDR-TB Programme 25 Division of Communicable Diseases Health Security & Environment 26 World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for Europe 27 Copenhagen 28 Denmark 29 Email:, kkr@euro.who.int 30 Tel: +45 3917 1572 31 Fax: +45 3917 1818 32 33 34 ** where the work was performed 35 36