Fat Embolism Syndrome : A Review

The subject of fat embolism is of recurring interest to those managing trauma. Even though fat embolism as a complication of bony trauma has been recognized for over 100 years, still it remains diagnostic challenge for treating clinicians. There has been rapid progress in knowledge and understanding of this relatively rare syndrome over few years. Presently, as a result of improvements in technology, new information has been derived to reduce significantly the morbidity and mortality of fat embolism. Although rare, clinicians should consider fat embolism as a cause of postoperative respiratory distress. This article covers the topic of fat embolism in general, highlights the importance of clinical expertise, and whatever technological aids are available to diagnose and appropriately treat this relatively rare, but highly significant form of the syndrome.