Comparative Study of Cytotoxic and Thrombolytic Effects of Flemingia stricta and Nymphaea nouchali Leaves

To evaluate comparative cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity of crude methanol extract of F. stricta and N. nouchali leaf. The screening of cytotoxic activity was done using brine shrimp lethality bioassay while the thrombolytic activity was evaluated using the in vitro clot lysis model. In a brief, venous blood drawn from five healthy volunteers was allowed to form clots which were weighed and treated with the test plant materials to disrupt the clots. Weight of clot after and before treatment provided a percentage of clot lysis and compared the result with streptokinase as positive control and water as negative control. Moderate cytotoxicity was found for both the methanol extracts and it is compared with the standard drug vincristine sulfate in the brine shrimp bioassay. In the present study, the LC50 values of the methanol crude extract of F. stricta, N. nouchali and vincristine sulfate were 252.31, 229.94 and 12.59μg/mL, respectively and incase of thrombolytic model, both the extract F. stricta and N. nouchali. In thrombolytic study, it is found that F. stricta and N. nouchali showed 34.78±1.88% and 20.45 ± 2.13% of clot lysis respectively. Among the herbs studied F. stricta, showed very significant (p < 0.001) percentage (%) of clot lysis than the N. nouchali compared to reference drug streptokinase (63.54 ± 2.61%).The results of the study demonstrated that the leaf of the plants possess promising thrombolytic activity in vitro when tested on human blood as well as preliminary cytotoxic activity on Brine shrimp.