Advances in transgenic animal production and applications

Transgenic animals are animals which have been genetically transformed by splicing and inserting foreign animal or human genes into their chromosomes. Transgenic animals with changes in the germ line are heritable from generation to generation within the herd, and this heritability has potential to facilitate long-term productivity gains. Transgenic animals with alterations to the germ line are commonly produced through microinjection and three more other methods discussed in this review article. Production of transgenic animal is expense and difficult. Several farms of cloned transgenic animals have emerged throughout the world. Transgenic animals are animals that are genetically altered to have traits that mimic symptoms of specific human pathologies. They provide genetic models of various human diseases which are important in understanding disease and developing new targets. Concerns regarding transgenic animals have developed along with the new technologies. Various aspects of concern in the coming years are the regulatory guidelines, ethical issues and patents related to the use of transgenic animals. This modern medicine is on the threshold of a pharmacological revolution. Use of transgenic animals will provide solutions for disease model, drug research, xenotransplantation and other applications we discussed in this review.