Effect of Treatment Duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Lipid Profile in Hausa/Fulani

Original Research Article Dyslipidaemia is a common feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Classical findings are increased in level of total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein with associated decreased in high density lipoprotein, insulin resistance plays major in this process. Dyslipidemia is a metabolic abnormality mostly associated with diabetes mellitus. Derangement in lipid metabolism have been reported in patients with diabetes mellitus accompanied by the risk of cardiovascular arteriosclerosis. In diabetes a lot of factors could affect serum lipid level, due to interrelationship between carbohydrates and lipid metabolism. This study was carried out to know the effect of duration treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid profile in Hausa/Fulani. The study was a cross sectional one carried out at Specialist Hospital, Sokoto from June to December 2018. The patients were assessed, the assessments include history (a questionnaire) and clinical examination. Lipid profile was determined in one hundred (100) diabetic subjects and one hundred (100) non-diabetic subjects using enzymatic colorimetric method. The diabetic patients were grouped into five groups. Group A1. Treatment naïve. Group A2. on treatment for less than a year (<1yr). Group A3. on treatment for one to less than two years (1 <2yr). Group A4. on treatment for two to less than five years (2 <5yr). Group A5. On treatment for five years and above (≥ 5yr). The mean concentration of (TG) in group A4 (170.04±22.38mg/dL) and group A5 (193.58±15.83) were significantly higher compared to group A2, A3 and control (p<0.05). Also, the concentration of (LDL) in group A5 (113.85±5.48mg/dL) and A4 (104.45±7.75mg/dL) were significantly higher compared to group A3, A2 and control. However, the mean concentration of (HDL) in control group (91.22±2.28mg/dL) were significantly higher compared to all the diabetic subjects. As the duration of treatment of diabetes mellitus increases, abnormal lipid metabolism also increases.