A Fixed-Target Programme At The Lhc: Physics Case And Projected Performances For Heavy-Ion, Hadron, Spin And Astroparticle Studies

We review the context, the motivations and the expected performances of a comprehensive and ambitious fixed-target programme using the multi-TeV proton and ion LHC beams. We also provide a detailed account of the different possible technical implementations ranging from an internal wire target to a full dedicated beam line extracted with a bent crystal. The possibilities offered by the use of the ALICE and LHCb detectors in the fixed-target mode are also reviewed. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.