CEACAM3 decreases asthma exacerbations and modulates respiratory syncytial virus latent infection in children.

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is associated with childhood asthma. Nevertheless, not all children exposed to RSV develop asthma symptoms, possibly because genes modulate the effects of RSV on asthma exacerbations. Objective The purpose of this study was to identify genes that modulate the effect of RSV latent infection on asthma exacerbations. Methods We performed a meta-analysis to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of RSV infection from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) methods were applied to select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were associated with DEGs. Gene-based analysis was used to identify SNPs that were significantly associated with asthma exacerbations in the Taiwanese Consortium of Childhood Asthma Study (TCCAS), and validation was attempted in an independent cohort, the Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP). Gene-RSV interaction analyses were performed to investigate the association between the interaction of SNPs and RSV latent infection on asthma exacerbations. Results A total of 352 significant DEGs were found by meta-analysis of RSV-related genes. We used 38 123 SNPs related to DEGs to investigate the genetic main effects on asthma exacerbations. We found that eight RSV-related genes (GADD45A, GYPB, MS4A3, NFE2, RNASE3, EPB41L3, CEACAM6andCEACAM3) were significantly associated with asthma exacerbations in TCCAS and also validated in CAMP. In TCCAS, rs7251960 (CEACAM3) significantly modulated the effect of RSV latent infection on asthma exacerbations (false-discovery rate <0.05). The rs7251960 variant was associated withCEACAM3mRNA expression in lung tissue (p for trend=1.2x10(-7)).CEACAM3mRNA was reduced in nasal mucosa from subjects with asthma exacerbations in two independent datasets. Conclusions rs7251960 is an eQTL forCEACAM3, andCEACAM3mRNA expression is reduced in subjects experiencing asthma exacerbations.CEACAM3may be a modulator of RSV latent infection on asthma exacerbations.