Biomimetic theranostic strategy for anti-metastasis therapy of breast cancer via the macrophage membrane camouflaged superparticles

The rational design of theranostic systems are critical for addressing challenging issues associated with cancers. Toward this objective, the multifunctional biomimetic superparticle, termed as DOX-QDs-Lip@M, which can specifically deliver drug to tumor and synergistically monitor their therapeutic effects, was fabricated. Initially, anticancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and imaging agent quaternary quantum dots (QDs) were loaded into the hydrophilic core region and hydrophobic chamber of liposome by self-assembly method, respectively. The integrated nanostructure can greatly increase the fluorescence intensity of signal unit and tremendously improve the diagnostic sensitivity. Subsequently, the biomimetic DOX-QDs-Lip@M was constructed by fusing and coating the isolated macrophage membranes on the surface of liposome, which can consequently extend the circulation of the whole blood and effectively target the tumor sites. Moreover, the naturally formed biofilm can stabilize the artificial liposome structure, which can prevent the leakage of the loaded materials in the liposome. These integrated properties endow the biomimetic DOX-QDs-Lip@M with improved tumor imaging and anti-metastasis treatment in living systems.