Prophylactic effect of physical exercise on Aβ 1-40 -induced depressive-like behavior and gut dysfunction in mice.

•Exercise prevented Aβ1–40-induced depressive-like behavior.•Exercise increased villus width and height in the duodenum.•Exercise raised Goblet cells and Paneth cells in the duodenum.•Exercise abolished duodenal ultrastructural changes induced by Aβ1–40.•Exercise prevented Aβ1–40-induced alterations in fecal microbiota composition.