Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus According to International Diabetic Federation and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Criteria: a Cross-sectional Study

Purpose Lifestyle changes in diabetes mellitus leads to metabolic syndrome, thus resulting in a hike in micro and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients. The main objective of the study was to identify the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and to evaluate the gender-associated difference in each component of metabolic syndrome by using International Diabetic Federation (IDF) and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III)criteria. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 350 type II diabetes mellitus patients. All the study participants within 30–80 years were enrolled. Subjects with type I DM and pregnant women were excluded from the study. Results The occurrence of metabolic syndrome among the diabetic population was found to be 42.28% and 28.85% using the IDF and the NCEP ATP III criteria respectively. It was observed that the prevalence was found to be higher in females than males as per IDF and NCEP ATP III criteria and was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). Central obesity elevated blood pressure, and reduced high-density lipoprotein was significantly higher in female patients. The most frequently occurring risk factor in this study population was central obesity followed by hypertension. A comparative analysis of IDF and NCEP ATP III criteria implies that when compared to diabetes patients without metabolic syndrome, all the metabolic risk elements were significantly higher in diabetes patients with metabolic syndrome. Conclusions This study concluded that the occurrence of metabolic syndrome was dreadfully high among the diabetic population, especially among female subjects.