Screening for barrett's esophagus with probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy videos.

Histologic diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal malignancy via probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) allows for real-time examination of epithelial architecture and targeted biopsy sampling. Although pCLE demonstrates high specificity, sensitivity remains low. This study employs deep learning architectures in order to improve the accuracy of pCLE in diagnosing esophageal cancer and its precursors. pCLE videos are curated and annotated as belonging to one of the three classes: squamous, Barrett's (intestinal metaplasia without dysplasia), or dysplasia. We introduce two novel video architectures, AttentionPooling and Multi-Module AttentionPooling deep networks, that outperform other models and demonstrate a high degree of explainability.