Repeated exposure of naïve and peripheral nerve-injured mice to a snake as an experimental model of post-traumatic stress disorder and its co-morbidity with neuropathic pain.

Brain Research(2020)

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摘要
•The exposure of mice to Epicrates cenchria crassus snake for 4 h elicited fear in prey.•Mice reexposed individually to snake and its exuvia displayed increased defensive responses.•Threatened prey exhibited enhanced defensive behaviours, during context reexposure.•Previous snake exposure reduced time spent in EPM test open arms, suggesting an increase in anxiety levels.•Sham mice showed fear-induced antinociception immediately after the second exposure to the snake.•Sham mice exhibited allodynia one week after the second exposure to the snake.•Multiple exposures to the snake resulted in increased nociceptive responses.•CCI caused intense allodynia, which was unaltered by exposure to different threatening conditions.•There was no additive effect of snake exposure on neuropathic pain.
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关键词
Chronic pain,Post-traumatic stress disorder,Defensive reaction,Pain modulation,Prey versus serpents confrontation paradigm,Epicrates cenchria crassus
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