Yttrium-90 Radioembolization in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis

Purpose: To report outcomes of yttrium-90 (Y-90) radioembolization in patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Materials and Methods: Retrospective review was performed of 115 patients at 6 tertiary care centers; 92 were treated with resin microspheres (80%), 22 were treated with glass microspheres (19%), and 1 was treated with both. Postintervention outcomes were compared between groups with chi(2) tests. Survival after diagnosis and after treatment was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Grade 3 laboratory toxicity was observed in 4 patients (4%); no difference in toxicity profile between resin and glass microspheres was observed (P =.350). Clinical toxicity per Society of Interventional Radiology criteria was noted in 29 patients (25%). Partial response per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors 1.1 was noted in 25% of patients who underwent embolization with glass microspheres and 3% of patients who were treated with resin microspheres (P =.008). Median overall survival (OS) from first diagnosis was 29 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 21-37 mo) for all patients, and 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 85%, 31%, and 8%, respectively. Median OS after treatment was 11 months (95% CI, 8-13 mo), and 1- and 3-year OS rates were 44% and 4%, respectively. These estimates were not significantly different between resin and glass microspheres (P =.730 and P =.475, respectively). Five patients were able to undergo curative-intent resection after( 90)Y radioembolization (4%). Conclusions: This study provides observational data of treatment outcomes after( 90)Y radioembolization in patients with unresectable ICC.