Fluorine-doped SnO 2 /reduced graphene oxide-artificial graphite hybrids as lithium-ion battery anodes with stable capacity

A series of hybrid anode materials for Li-ion battery were successfully prepared by mechanically mixing artificial graphite (AG) with fluorine-doped tin oxide/reduced graphene oxide (F-SnO 2 /rGO) obtained via hydrothermal treatment in a mass ratio of 1:3, 1:4, and 1:6 respectively (denoted as F-SnO 2 /rGO- x AG, x = 3, 4, 6). Compared with the widely used artificial graphite, all the F-SnO 2 /rGO- x AG hybrids delivered higher reversible capacity and exhibited superior electrochemical stability upon cycling. In the case of these hybrid materials, the F-SnO 2 /rGO-4AG hybrid maintained stable reversible specific capacities of 440 mAh g −1 at 500 mA g −1 with a high capacity retention of 96.28% after 500 cycles. Therefore, the outstanding electrochemical performance reveals that the hybrid materials possess great potential as anodes for high-performance Li-ion batteries.