Modification of Ti foils irradiated by intense heavy ion beams

Modification of Ti foils irradiated by intense energetic heavy ion (HI) beams in long-term experiments has been considered. The experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei, which are carried out in Dubna with a gas-filled recoil separator (DGFRS), determine the conditions of such experiments. High intensities of HIs passing through a relatively small area and thickness of the foils, as well as their heating by a beam, are inherent in such experiments. The ability of the foils to withstand radiation damages, sputtering, and evaporation of atoms becomes questionable. All the processes seem to be dependent on temperature, and none of them is independent of the others, but they can be considered separately. In this work, sputtering yields are estimated on the grounds of available models and experimental data and compared with the results of measurements carried out to verify the estimates. The foil temperature, in turn, can be estimated in the conditions of pulse heating followed by subsequent cooling with radiation emitted from their surfaces. These conditions correspond to the rotating Ti entrance window irradiated by a continuous HI beam in the DGFRS experiments.