Hybrid drug combination: A new treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes- A review

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia arising from deregulation in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The current synthetic drugs have dose-dependent side effects which confined their uses. The phytochemicals are the natural compounds that have better therapeutic efficacy and interacts synergistically with oral hypoglycemic drugs. The addition of phytochemicals with OHDs may reduce the dose of synthetic drugs as well as their side effects and toxicity. A detailed outline about such combinations like Ferulic acid & THZ/Metformin, Ellagic acid & Pioglitazone (THZ), Chlorogenic acid & THZ/Metformin, Caffeic acid & THZ/Metformin, eugenol acid & THZ/Metformin, cinnamic acid & THZ/Metformin, p- coumaric acid & THZ/Metformin, Arecoline &Vanillic acid with the THZ/ Metformin have been illustrated. This review has also discussed the synergy and mechanism of phytochemical with the OHDs to combat hyperglycemia and other risk associated with it. A comprehensive review was conducted to pile up the information about polyphenols & synthetic drug combinations used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, which has been carried out in-vitro or in-vivo and may contribute to identifying novel strategies in the treatment of T2D condition. This review shows the importance of the responsible bioactive agents present in medicinal plants in the drive to demonstrate their antidiabetic effects.