Anastomotic bleeding following ileocolic end-to-side anastomosis using a circular stapler: incidence and risk factors

Purpose To identify the incidence of and risk factors for postoperative bleeding after ileocolic end-to-side anastomosis using a circular stapler. Methods We analyzed, retrospectively, the risk factors for postoperative anastomotic bleeding in patients who underwent right-sided colectomy with end-to-side anastomosis done using a circular stapler during colon tumor surgery at our institute between January 2015 and March 2019. Results Anastomotic bleeding developed in 10 (3.6%) of the total 279 patients. Univariate analysis revealed that age ≥ 80 years (8.8% vs. 1.9%; P = 0.008) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≥ 1 (12.5% vs. 2.8%; P = 0.014) were significant risk factors for anastomotic bleeding. Postoperative anticoagulation therapy was not a risk factor for anastomotic bleeding. Multivariate analysis revealed that only age ≥ 80 years was an independent risk factor (odds ratio 4.12, 95% confidence interval 1.02–16.68, P = 0.047). Six of the ten patients with anastomotic bleeding were treated conservatively, three were treated by colonoscopic clipping, and one required surgery. Conclusion End-to-side anastomosis is safe and feasible, but must be performed carefully in the elderly, who are at higher risk of anastomotic bleeding.