Coupling small batteries and PV generation: A review

The decarbonization of both power and mobility sectors are two main goals established during international environmental summits. Distributed battery storage, such as electric vehicles batteries and stationary ones, ranging from around a dozen to a few hundred kWh and photovoltaic (PV) systems are disruptive technologies not only because they can individually contribute to CO2 emissions reduction but also due to the positive synergies between them. Batteries can store electricity surplus produced by PVs during the day, avoiding curtailment, and restore it to the grid to shave peak load or when external grid constraints are identified.