The investigation of the effect of NAD, H2O2 and weak magnetic field on the antibacterial mechanism of isoniazid (INH) that first line antibiotic against M. tuberculosis agent

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease, which is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. This disease leads to up to 1.3 million deaths out of more than eight million cases every year. A prodrug called isoniazid has been proven to be effective and widely used in the treatment of infections caused by tuberculosis. Despite its use for more than six decades clinically, the action mechanism of this prodrug is yet to be elucidated. INH action agains mycobacteria requires catalase−peroxidase (KatG) function, and IN-NAD adduct formation is catalyzed in vitro by M. tuberculosis KatG under a variety of conditions. Low-intensity EMF (Electromagnetic Field) has been used in the₂rapeutic practices in addition to its use in telecommunication systems and food protection. EMF is used in medicine and food industries especially for its bactericidal effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of weak magnetic field application and the addition of NAD and H₂O₂ on the action mechanism of isoniazid. We added H₂O₂ and NAD individually and together, to the different groups at varying concentrations. Also, one experimental group was exposed to a 5mT, 50Hz magnetic field for 4 to 5 hours per day (total of 45 hours in 10 days). The agar proportion method was used to evaluate the results. It was determined that the addition of 100 μM NAD and H₂O₂ together increased the effectiveness of isoniazid to some extent. However, the application of a weak magnetic field did not change the effectiveness of the drug.