Alphitobius diaperinus control and physicochemical study of poultry litters treated with quicklime and shallow fermentation

Poultry litter reuse in Brazil is a common practice to reduce broiler production costs. Quicklime and shallow fermentation treatments are methods used to reduce microbial contamination and infestation of insects such as Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer). The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of reused poultry litter to better characterize the effects of quicklime and shallow fermentation on Salmonella and A. diaperinus control. Ammonia and humidity concentrations significantly increased on the litter treated with shallow fermentation and pH when treated with virgin and hydrated quicklime. For A. diaperinus control, shallow fermentation with 2 and 3 L of water and 3 L plus 600g of quicklime/m(2) eliminated 100% of the insects. Results of assessed physicochemical parameters indicated that the treatments with quicklime and shallow fermentation are inefficient to control Salmonella spp. because they do not reach the indexes required for this pathogen elimination, mainly ammonia and pH. Ammonia index produced by microbial fermentation in shallow fermentation treatment eliminates A. diaperinus.