Bond role in strut-and-tie systems modelling reinforced-concrete members

•Roles of microcracked and solid concrete in the bonding of long anchored bars and ties.•Clear subdivision between stress transfer by interlock and by adhesion in bonded ties.•Direct introduction of bond in strut-and-tie systems.•Rational identification of the position of bond-related joints in strut-and-tie systems, to improve safety checks.•Simple model to investigate the roles of stirrups and rebars in anchored ties in RC.