Chemical Features of Bisphosphonates and Histopathological Outcomes in Rat Jaw Treated with Zoledronic Acid Combined with Dexamethasone

Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) is a pathological entity described for the first time in 2003; three criteria are mandatory: no radiotion therapy, exposed bone in oral cavities for at least eight weeks with no signs of healing, bisphosphonate therapy in present or in the past, in patients with bisphosphonate therapy in present or in the past. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are stable analogues of natural inorganic pyrophosphate, which inhibit bone resorption. In literature, most patients diagnosed with BRONJ were suffering from multiple myeloma and they had a treatment with nitrogen containing BPs and steroids such as dexamethasone intravenously. With this study we have aimed to achieve a rat model of BRONJ and to evaluate histopathological findings how concurrent use of BPs and steroids can affect emergence of BRONJ in this study.