Oligometastatic Breast Cancer: Is This a Curable Entity? A Contemporary Review of the Literature

Purpose of Review Oligometastatic breast cancer (OMBC) remains a poorly understood entity for which no standard of care exists at this time. This review will focus on our biologic understanding of OMBC and provide an update on current treatment strategies. Recent Findings The introduction of micro RNA expression profiling has advanced our understanding of the biologic underpinnings of OMBC. Although most of the data regarding treatment have come from retrospective studies, there are now prospective randomized trials reporting progression-free survival and overall survival improvements with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR). Ongoing studies designed to evaluate addition of SABR as well as other novel agents will further develop this field and provide new treatment options. Summary A “cure” for OMBC remains elusive. With further basic research coupled with novel prospective trials, patients will hopefully enjoy increased progression-free survival and overall survival, and ideally a delay to more toxic systemic therapy.