NLRP3 inflammasome and related cytokines reflect the immune status of patients with HBV-ACLF.

•HBV-ACLF is a fatal consequence of HBV infection.•Little is known about the NLRP3 inflammasome and its related cytokines in ACLF population.•HBV-ACLF patients have lower expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in peripheral CD14+ monocytes but higher expression in liver macrophages.•With disease progression different level of the NLRP3 inflammasome in periphery and liver reflect immune dysfunction of HBV-ACLF.