Distribution and Migration of Human Placental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Brain of Healthy Rats after Stereotaxic or Intra-Arterial Transplantation

Human placenta mesenchymal stromal cells were injected to healthy rats either stereotaxically into the striatum or intra-arterially through the internal carotid artery. Some cells injected into the brain migrated along the corpus callosum both medially and laterally or concentrated around small blood vessels. A small fraction of MSC injected intra-arterially adhered to the endothelium and stayed inside blood vessels for up to 48 hours mostly in the basin of the middle cerebral artery. Neither stereotaxic, nor intra-arterial transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells modulated the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of the brain, but stereotaxic transplantation suppressed activation of their proliferation in response to traumatization with the needle.