Intramural hematoma of colon Case report of 2 cases

Introduction: Colonic intramural hematomas are rarely encountered clinical entity. Colonic intramural hematomas are frequently associated with blunt trauma, and they could occur spontaneously in patients under anticoagulant therapy or with bleeding diathesis. There were few reports on synchronous colon cancer and intramural hematoma. Intramural hematomas of gastrointestinal tract in those patients undergoing anticoagulation treatment often occurred at the esophagus, duodenum, and small intestine, while colon was rarely affected site. Clinical symptoms of colonic intramural hematomas may include abdominal pain, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and occasionally bowel obstruction. Patient concerns: We herein report 2 cases of colonic intramural hematomas. Case 1 presented with abdominal pain and decreased defecation. Colonoscopy and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed intramural hematoma proximal to the neoplasm at ascending colon. Case 2 was a patient under regular anticoagulation therapy after coronary arterial stent implantation. His chief complaints were intermittent abdominal pain and distension. Colonoscopy and contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated intramural hematoma at sigmoid colon. Diagnosis: Case 1 was diagnosed synchronous colonic intramural hematoma and colon cancer at ascending colon via surgery. Case 2 was diagnosed intramural hematoma of sigmoid colon through colonoscopy and follow-up CT. Interventions: Case 1 underwent right hemicolectomy. Case 2 received conservative treatment including anticoagulation discontinuation, total parenteral nutrition, and intravenous hydration. Outcomes: They both had a good recovery. Conclusion: Colonoscopy and CT are useful in diagnosing colonic intramural hematoma. The optimal treatment should be individualized according to different etiologies causing hematoma.