Phosphorescence Energy Transfer: Ambient Afterglow Fluorescence from Water-Processable and Purely Organic Dyes via Delayed Sensitization

Ambient afterglow luminescence from metal-free organic chromophores would provide a promising alternative to the well-explored inorganic phosphors. However, the realization of air-stable and solution-processable organic afterglow systems with long-lived triplet or singlet states remains a formidable challenge. In the present study, a delayed sensitization of the singlet state of organic dyes via phosphorescence energy transfer from organic phosphors is proposed as an alternative strategy to realize "afterglow fluorescence". This concept is demonstrated with a long-lived phosphor as the energy donor and commercially available fluorescent dyes as the energy acceptor. Triplet-to-singlet Forster-resonance energy-transfer (TS-FRET) between donor and acceptor chromophores, which are co-organized in an amorphous polymer matrix, results in tuneable yellow and red afterglow from the fluorescent acceptors. Moreover, these afterglow fluorescent hybrids are highly solution-processable and show excellent air-stability with good quantum yields.