Three-dimensional DNA-programmable nanoparticle superlattices

•Tunable parameters and composition of DNA shells can be used to modulate the organization of isotropic nanoparticles.•Use of both anisotropic geometries and binding interactions of nanoscale objects can diversify assembled superlattices.•DNA origami can act as complex linkers and cages to organize isotropicnanoparticles with designed interparticle topologies.•DNA origami can be used to scaffold a lattice, providing binding positions for particles to attach in a given organization.•DNA-based reactions provide capabilities to dynamically modulate the structure of three-dimensional assemblies.