Optimization of Distributed Detection in Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks with Multiple Antenna Fusion Center

This paper addresses the detection improvement using multiple antenna fusion center (FC) and optimal collaboration among sensors with energy harvesting (EH) capability in WSNs. Using multiple antennas at FC, we benefit from the available fundamental spatial diversity in distributed WSN. We formulate to maximize the probability of collaborative detection based on parameters of collaboration among sensors and the energy of each sensor for the different scenarios as the optimization problem. In particular, we consider several practical constraints for EH and battery energy storage to maintain network connectivity. The objective function is the nonconvex function so the optimization problem is obtained as the nonconvex problem. To resolve this issue, the objective function is converted to a convex function using a relaxation method, and an optimum solution is obtained for this problem using local optimum values. The numerical results show the impact of the different parameters on the performance of the collaborative decision. These results also demonstrate that using distributed spatial diversity at FC by multiple antennas leads to a better decision in terms of error probability, and distributed wireless sensor-enabled with EH capability results to more robust network connectivity in practice.