A taxonomic revision of the Early Devonian dalmanitid trilobite Kasachstania Maksimova, 1972 from central Kazakhstan

The dalmanitid trilobiteKasachstaniaMaksimova, 1972, previously reported from the Lower Devonian of Kazakhstan and North America (USA) and the upper Silurian-Lower Devonian of South America (Bolivia and Argentina), is revised.Kasachstania kasachstanica(Balashova in Maksimova,1968) andK. septicostata(Maksimova, 1968) are regarded as junior synonyms of the type speciesK. saryarkensis(Maksimova, 1960), all from the Lower Devonian of the type locality in central Kazakhstan (northern Balkhash). On the basis of a new diagnosis,K. ulrichi ulrichi(Delo, 1940) from the Emsian of the United States,K. ulrichi asiatica(Maksimova, 1968),K. pristina(Maksimova, 1968), andK. alperovichiPour et al., 2019, from the Lower Devonian of Kazakhstan,K. andii(Kozlowski, 1923) from the upper Silurian-Lower Devonian of Bolivia, andK. gerardoiEdgecombe and Ramskold, 1994, from the upper Silurian-Lower Devonian of Bolivia and Argentina are excluded fromKasachstania. This genus, represented only byK. saryarkensisandK. kiikbaica(Maksimova, 1968), is restricted to the Lower Devonian of central Kazakhstan, corresponding to the Balkhash-Mongolo-Okhotsk province in the paleobiogeographic context of the Old World Realm, instead of being nearly cosmopolitan as previously considered. In addition, we provide some remarks aboutSaryarkellaMaksimova, 1978b, a monospecific dalmanitid genus largely overlooked although valid from the Emsian of the same area in central Kazakhstan.