Zinc based iron mixed oxide catalyst for biodiesel production from Entermorpha intestinalis, Caulerpa racemosa and Hypnea musicoformisis and antibiofilm analysis using leftover catalyst after transesterification

The focus of this study is to produce zinc-based iron oxide nanocomposite as a catalyst for biodiesel and antibiofilm applications, which were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). The nanocomposite was evaluated as a catalyst for biodiesel production by using lipid extracted from Entermorpha intestinalis, Caulerpa racemosa, and Hypnea musicoformisis. All were highly yielding saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Traditional transesterification methods have proven in alcoholysis with methanol yields reasonably in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. Moreover, heterogeneous catalyst exhibits potential conversion in the reaction and having reliable reusability. The presence of metal ions from zinc oxides exhibits from the catalyst minimized the course of the reaction. H. musicoformisis shown the topmost conversion of 78% and C. racemosa, E. intestinalis shows reliable conversions of 72% and 70.5%, respectively. In the optimization of different parameters. The methyl ester presence was determined by FT-IR and GCMS analysis. In reusability aspects, we utilized Fe2ZnO4 composite after transesterification for antibiofilm analysis also. The results indicate that leftover nanoparticles have strong antibiofilm properties and could be applied as an efficient osteoconductive functional material.