Deceptively cold dust in the massive starburst galaxy GN20 at z∼4
arxiv(2020)
摘要
We present new observations, carried out with IRAM NOEMA, of the atomic
neutral carbon transitions [CI](1-0) at 492 GHz and [CI](2-1) at 809 GHz of
GN20, a well-studied star-bursting galaxy at z=4.05. The high luminosity line
ratio [CI](2-1)/[CI](1-0) implies an excitation temperature of 48^+14_-9
K, which is significantly higher than the apparent dust temperature of T_
d=33±2 K (β=1.9) derived under the common assumption of an optically
thin far-infrared dust emission, but fully consistent with T_ d=52±5 K
of a general opacity model where the optical depth (τ) reaches unity at a
wavelength of λ_0=170±23 μm. Moreover, the general opacity
solution returns a factor of ∼ 2× lower dust mass and, hence, a lower
molecular gas mass for a fixed gas-to-dust ratio, than with the optically thin
dust model. The derived properties of GN20 thus provide an appealing solution
to the puzzling discovery of starbursts appearing colder than main-sequence
galaxies above z>2.5, in addition to a lower dust-to-stellar mass ratio that
approaches the physical value predicted for starburst galaxies.
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关键词
galaxies: evolution,galaxies: high-redshift,galaxies: ISM,galaxies: starburst
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