Geometry-Based V2V Channel Modeling over Millimeter-Wave in Highway Scenarios

As of today, mmimeter-wave (mmWave) bands are employed as part of the emerging 5G technology to provide high data rates for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications. However, V2V channels over mmWave have not been well studied as of yet due to the complexity of measurements, especially if there is a need to estimate the contribution of adjacent interfering vehicular transceivers. Moreover, the channel models that are currently in use consider vehicles on the road according to a certain distribution, which may not be accurate in practice. Also, past models do not take into account the effects of reflection, diffraction, and transmission through obstacles, as well as the physical properties of vehicles themselves. In this paper, using geometric ray-based simulations, in which the aforementioned effects are incorporated, we present mmWave V2V channel modeling for a highway scenario at 28 and 72 GHz carrier frequencies with both low and high density of vehicles. Our results include such characteristics as path loss, fading, root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread, and angular spread.