Permanency and well-being outcomes for maltreated infants: Pilot results from an infant-toddler court team

Background Evaluations of infant-toddler court teams suggest improvements related to permanency, service provision, and parenting. However, findings regarding permanency are limited in that they do not capture children who remain in care for long periods. Less is known about how court teams impact child development. Objective The first two objectives are to describe baseline development for a small group of infants and toddlers participating in a pilot court team project and to explore changes in their development and behavior. The third objective is to describe permanency outcomes. Participants and setting Infants and toddlers (n = 25) under court jurisdiction for substantiated maltreatment and their parents participated in pre-and posttest evaluation of a pilot court team project. All dyads were referred to a parenting intervention, Infant Mental Health Home Visiting. Infant development was assessed using the Bayley-III and behavior was assessed in the Crowell parent-child interaction task. Court records were reviewed for permanency outcomes. Results Thirty-five percent of children had a developmental delay at program entry and showed significant improvements in expressive language development (p < .01). Increases in prosocial behavior were seen in domains of positive affect (p < .05) and enthusiasm (p < .02) and significant reductions child withdrawal (p < .06). More than two-thirds of children were reunified with their parent(s) and they spent an average of 18.7 months in out-of- home care. Conclusions These preliminary findings add to the limited literature on the potential impact that infant-toddler court teams can have on permanency and well-being.