Implementation of Integrated Adsorption and Biological Process in Wastewater Treatment for the Permanent Dye Removal and Its Subsequent Decontamination

The use of the microwave-activated sugar beet pulp as an alternative adsorbent material in combination with biological processes has been applied for the colored wastewater treatment. The maximum adsorption capacity of the crystal violet dye has been achieved relatively fast, during 315 s, with no dependence of the pH, when the adsorbent mass was 15 and 0.2 g/L of the initial dye concentration. The adsorption equilibrium data fully complied with the Temkin isotherm. The afterward biological decontamination of the adsorbed dye was related to the biodegradable potential of Streptomyces microflavus CKS6 cells. The microorganism revealed strong affinity toward the dye and minimal nutritional requirements for the metabolic activity expressions. Total dye decomposition occurred after 9 h, whereby lignin peroxidase enzyme has been recognized to be mainly involved in the process. According to the phytotoxicity analysis, no harmful residues were found in the decolorized working medium.