A risk-based approach to evaluating the Area of Review and leakage risks at CO2 storage sites

•The NRAP-IAM-CS was used to determine risk-based leakage impacts and the Area of Review at three potential CO2 storage sites.•The risk-based Area of Review was smaller than that determined from analytical calculations for an over-pressurized reservoir.•The NRAP-IAM-CS showed minimal influx of CO2 and brine through legacy wells with no impact to the USDW.•This study provided an invaluable opportunity for testing and improving the NRAP-IAM-CS for quantifying risks at CCS sites.