A cohort study to assess the incidence of dengue, Brazil, 2014–2018

•Low dengue seroprevalence in the beginning of the follow-up.•There was a large dengue outbreak in the first year of follow-up, with an incidence density of 8.94 per 100 person-years•A cumulative incidence of innaparent dengue infections of 9% was observed in the first year of follow-up.•Dengue incidence declined sharply in the subsequent three years of follow-up.