[Nutrition assessment of 0-3-year-old infants and toddlers with particular focus on macro- and micronutrient intake].

Introduction: Recent research findings support the assumption that the development of chronic diseases in adults is greatly influenced by the supply of nutrients in the uterus and the nutrition, nourishment of the early, toddler ages. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nutritional habits of infants and toddlers aged 0-3 in Hungary, and to identify the most typical problems of their nutrition, to get to know and provide the necessary data for the modification and modernization of feeding/nutrition recommendations for infants and young children in Hungary. Method: The study was carried out with the professional coordination of the Hungarian Dietetic Association (MDOSZ) in the framework of industry research between June and August 2015, in the 0-3-year-old population, in the cities Budapest, Debrecen, Győr, Szeged and Pécs. The survey was conducted with anthropometric measurements and validated by three-day dietary log templates. Results: 18.6% of infants aged 4 to 12 months (n = 220) had values below 10th percentile, 10% were between 85-97th percentiles and 3% were above 97th percentile. 15% of children aged 12-24 months (n = 227) had a body mass index (BMI) below 10th percentile (underweight), 14% were between 85-97th percentile (overweight) and 2.6% had BMI over the 97th percentile (obese). 70% of 25-36-month-old children (n = 184) had normal BMI, 4% were overweight, 2% obese, 24% underweight. Based on the Hungarian reference value, 10.9% of the 4-12-month-old children, 20% of the 1-2-year-olds, 47% of the 2-3-year-olds were in high protein intake group. However, compared to the 2013's reference values of the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) recommendation, 100% of the children belong to the high protein intake group in all age groups. Conclusion: Although the EFSA recommendation - based on the WHO/FAO/UNU macro- and micronutrient intake values in 2007 - defines the recommended intake quantities, the results in the sample did not support its overall reliability. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(50): 1990-1998.