New flavonoids, emarginin A-C from Vaccinium emarginatum Hayata.
Fitoterapia(2019)
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of methanolic extract of the whole plants of Vaccinium emarginatum allowed for the characterization of one epicatechin derivative (1) that was isolated from a natural source for the first time and three new flavonoids, emarginin A (2), emarginin B (3), and emarginin C (4), together with 11 known compounds (5-15). The structures of compounds 1-4 were elucidated by combination of spectroscopic analysis (MS, IR, and NMR) and by comparison with that of literature analogues. Compounds 1-8 and 11-15 were evaluated for their preliminary in vitro anti-proliferative activity against Du145 and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 15 exhibited most potent cytotoxicity against Du145 and PC-3 cells, with IC50 values of 8.46 and 10.98 μM, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 1-7 were assessed for their anti-inflammatory potential against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells. Compound 4 exhibited moderate anti-inflammatory activity, with an IC50 value of 27.99 μM.
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