202. The effectiveness of combination therapy of anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus agents and β-lactam agents in patients complicated with febrile neutropenia after bone marrow transplantation

Abstract Background Febrile neutropenia (FN) is one of the most frequent and serious complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation such as bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Anti-Pseudomonas agents should be initiated in all patients complicated with FN without delay, while anti–methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) agents are exclusively recommended in the case of central venous (CV) line infection. Most BMT patients have the potential risk of catheter-related blood stream infection because of long-lasting catheterization including indwelling CV line. Therefore, the patients may also be received anti-MRSA agents empirically in addition to anti-Pseudomonas agents. So far, there are little reports that verify the effectiveness of the combination therapy under FN condition after BMT. The purpose of this study was to address the effectiveness. Methods BMT was performed at Yokohama City University Medical Center between April 2012 and March 2018, and 44 patients who developed FN after BMT were enrolled. We analyzed patient information retrospectively. We used the duration of fever to evaluate the additive effect of anti-MRSA agents to β-lactam anti-Pseudomonas agents. We classified the patients during FN period into two groups whether anti-MRSA agents were administered (Ad group; 34 patients) or not (non-Ad group; 10 patients). Fever is defined as a single axillary temperature measurement of over 37.5 Celsius degrees. The study design and protocol were approved by the ethics committee at the Review Board of our hospital (ID：D1602011). Results Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. Blood cultures were performed onset of FN in all cases, in which five showed positive (11.4%). Bacteria requiring administration of anti-MRSA drugs were detected in the four cases. Nonetheless, duration of fever was not significantly shorten (6.8 ± 4.0 vs. 5.2 ± 2.5, P = 0.171) and there was no difference in the hospitalization period. The renal dysfunction was significantly higher in Ad group and the cost of anti-MRSA agents totaled about $ 36,000. Conclusion Our study indicates that no use of empirical combination therapy of anti-MRSA agents in addition to anti-Pseudomonas agents under FN condition after BMT, even if CV line is inserted. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.